The global annual output of phosphogypsum is about 100–280 million tons, but the recycling rate is only 15% . At present, the annual emission of phosphogypsum in China exceeds 75 million tons, and the cumulative stockpile has exceeded 500 million tons, but the comprehensive utilization rate is only about 40% .
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The annually worldwide production of phosphogypsum is possibly up to 100 million tons (Tayibi et al. 2009). 5.6–7.0 billion tons of phosphogypsum produced in lifetime of …
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Abstract Red mud and phosphogypsum are staple solid wastes, with considerably large annual emissions. Improving their comprehensive utilization is the key to addressing the large accretion of both red mud and phosphogypsum. They have great utilization potential and can be collectively modified to expand the utilization field and increase the utilization rate. …
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As a traditional agricultural country, China has an annual output of over 70 million tons in recent years, accounting for approximately 40 % of the global production [15–17]. However, the comprehensive utilization rate of phosphogypsum in China is less than 50 %, and the accumulated stockpile has surpassed 830 million tons [18,19].
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The problem of recycling and storage of phosphogypsum is topical for many countries around the world, as it is associated with environmental problems of pollution of water bodies, land, and ...
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An investigation by the National Bureau of statistics of the People's Republic of China (NBSPRC) showed that the average annual output of PG in China between 2012 and …
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Phosphogypsum (PG) is a major hazardous by-product of the phosphate industry. The whole world is facing the challenge of increasing stockpiles of PG, which significantly …
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Phosphogypsum (PG) is a radioactive industrial by-product produced in large quantities when processing phosphate ores into fertilizers. With rapid growth of high concentration phosphate and compound fertilizers production in China, PG production is increasing every year. Phosphogypsum is usually stored in such a way that it not only occupies a ...
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Effects of phosphogypsum, superphosphate, and dicyandiamide on … The total GHG emissions from the all treatments ranged from 63.6 to 181.2 kg CO 2-eq t −1 on a dry matter basis. The total GHG emissions from PPG and SSP treatments were lower than those of the CK treatment, with reductions of 19.5% and 46.9% (related to CH 4 emissions).
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In the country, sodic soils cover an area of 31.4 million ha, and their restoration will require about 430 million tons of gypsum-containing materials (Savoyskaya 2017). It is possible to use phosphogypsum in remediating drill cuttings that are collected and stored directly on the territory of the drilling site.
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Phosphogypsum deposits are usually associated with an important load of radionuclides and metals. The present study aims to evaluate and compare the hazard derived …
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The global cumulative emissions of phosphogypsum total approximately 6 billion tons, which is increasing at a rate of 150 million tons/year. It is projected that the total amount of phosphogypsum will double by 2025–2045 [1,2]. Phosphogypsum is an industrial by-product of gypsum with a low utilization rate owing to its large discharge ...
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Phosphogypsum (PG) is a by-product of phosphoric acid production and according to the Waste Management Strategy of the Republic of Croatia for 2007 - 2015 (Official Gazette 85/07, 126/10, 31/11 ...
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The US EPA currently bans the use of phosphogypsum, except in cases where the material does not exceed an average radium-226 concentration of less than 10 picocuries per gram, and will be used as a soil amendment, according to …
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The annual production of PG by these 18 companies is 34.74 × 10 6 t, constituting 46.31% of the national total of 75 × 10 6 t in 2020 (Cui et al., 2022b). The annual recycling of PG by these 18 companies reached 19.26 × 10 6 t, achieving a recycling rate of 55.44%. The survey data of these companies can effectively reflect the current ...
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Utilization of phosphogypsum and phosphate in improving water resistance of magnesium oxychloride cement ... promoting water resistance. Furthermore, the PG-MOC samples with KH 2 PO 4 exhibited lower cost and carbon emission, decreasing at most 35.2 % for C P and 44.6 % for CI. The study provides a potential approach for improving the water ...
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The annual deposition fluxes obtained in this study in Huelva (1.5 km sampling point) are lower than those reported by Castillo et al. (2013b) (in the range 37–59 g/m 2 yr). Nonetheless ... Hydrogen fluoride concentrations in ambient air of an urban area based on the emissions of a major phosphogypsum deposit (SW, Europe) 2020, Science of the ...
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Phosphogypsum (PG), as an industrial by-product, has historically suffered from challenges in achieving efficient utilization, resulting in enormous accumulation and environmental contamination. In this study, a certain proportion of PG was employed as a substitute for sand in magnesium oxysulfate cement (MOSC). The effects of PG on the properties, pores …
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The three phosphogypsum reuse practices enhanced carbon emission intensity to varying degrees compared with Scenario 1 due to the increasing fossil energy use. Those …
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The emission of solid waste phosphogypsum (PG) imposes significant environmental stress. Utilizing PG to produce sulfoaluminate cement (SAC) offers a dual benefit of consuming PG and enhancing resource recycling. ... In China, the annual production of PG exceeds 70 million tons, yet less than 40 % of this quantity is effectively utilized [6 ...
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The total GHG emissions from the all treatments ranged from 63.6 to 181.2 kg CO 2-eq t −1 on a dry matter basis. The total GHG emissions from PPG and SSP treatments were lower than those of the CK treatment, with reductions of 19.5% and 46.9% (related to CH 4 emissions).
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At present, the annual emission of phosphogypsum in the world has exceeded 280 million tons, but the comprehensive utilization rate is only about 10% [5,6]. ...
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Proper reuse of phosphogypsum (PG) can mitigate the potential risks to humans and environment caused by improper disposal. Therefore, exploration of PG reuse schemes is necessary based on environmental performance, energy consumption, greenhouse gas emissions, and economic benefits.Few studies have investigated this issue considering these …
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Phosphogypsum and the EPA Ban Phosphogypsum is a by-product of the chemical reaction called the "wet process," whereby sulfuric acid is reacted with phosphate rock to produce the phosphoric acid needed for fertilizer production.
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Phosphogypsum (PG), a sort of solid waste mainly made up of CaSO 4 ·2H 2 O, results from phosphoric acid production through wet process. Every ton of phosphoric acid gives 4.5–5 tons of PG when being produced. As phosphorus chemical industry keeps advancing, annual PG emission amounts to 0.28 billion tons around the world now.
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Mineral processing tailings (e.g., powered rock dust and phosphogypsum-PG) control the budget of NPs on a global scale and thus affect physical and biogeochemical processes in terrestrial and marine environments (Dalmora et al., 2016; Lütke et al., 2020) and the atmosphere including the nucleation of clouds (Retallack, 2011, 2012; Marshall et al., 2016).
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Hydrogen fluoride concentrations in ambient air of an urban area based on the emissions of a major phosphogypsum deposit (SW, Europe) Author links open overlay panel ... compared to the rest of the country (Pereira et al., 2007, Pereira et ... A total annual intake of fluoride through HF inhalation has been settled in 4.2 g and 2.2 g for 2017 ...
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Phosphogypsum (PG) is a byproduct generated during the wet processing of phosphoric acid production from phosphate rock (Baolin et al., 2022).It is estimated that 4.5–5.5 tons of PG are produced for per ton of phosphorus pentoxide produced (El-Didamony et al., 2012).PG has a complex, with more than 80 %−90 % consisting of CaSO 4 ·2H 2 O. However, …
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At present, the utilization rate of phosphogypsum in China is still relatively low, 2010-2020 China's phosphogypsum annual production and utilization rate as shown in Figure 2, 2010-2020 China's ...
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The phosphoric acid production in the world generates the accumulation of large quantity of an acidic by product called phosphogypsum (PG). Large amount of this PG is rejected without any ...
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The cement sector emission occupies 5% of world emissions caused by human activities. Especially, China's cement production accounted for 50% of the world's output, which ranked the first for ...
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The study presents the activity concentrations of radionuclides in phosphogypsum as TENORM. The activity concentrations of radionuclides are measured by gamma-ray spectrometer. The possible radiological impacts from utilization of phosphogypsum are assessed. The total annual effective doses received by members of the general public and workers are …
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This study contributes to sustainable construction practices by exploring the use of phosphogypsum, a commonly discarded byproduct, in the production of recycled aggregates. Addressing both environmental and economic aspects of sustainability, we investigate the feasibility of employing phosphogypsum as a primary raw material, in collaboration with …
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