A heap bioleaching system, including ponds and a solar thermal collector field, has been simulated over one year using HeapSim and TRNSYS. The maximum copper extraction achievable for the system without a solar thermal field is 67% with a 7 kg/h m 2 solution flow rate. A maximum extraction of 85% over one year could be achieved with a collector field to heap …
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Bioleaching of chalcopyrite is only possible in the presence of thermophilic micro-organisms. While suitable conditions can be generated within a heap naturally through the exothermic reaction ...
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For the heap bioleaching of chalcopyrite, the need to preserve heat in the heap becomes yet a further parameter of critical importance. For the heap leaching of uranium ore a choice is required between either chemical or bacterial oxidation, based on economic and processing factors. Frequently the operating
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Chalcopyrite is one of the major raw materials for the fabrication of copper and its compounds, and is the richest and most widely found copper mineral in nature, with about a 70% proportion of the world's known copper reserves (Kartal et al., 2020, Panda et al., 2012, Yang et al., 2020, Yang, 2015).The Cu 2p photoelectron spectra and Mulliken population of …
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Ammoniacal lixiviants dissolve up to 95% of chalcopyrite-hosted Cu at surface reaction-controlled rates under mildly alkaline pH with Cu 2+ as oxidant, but evaporate at prohibitive rates in heap conditions. Hypochlorites are the only novel lixiviant studied that performs comparably to baseline ferric chloride without very high reagent and ...
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In the current scenario, heap bioleaching is the most advanced and preferred eco-friendly technology for processing of low grade, uneconomic/difficult-to-enrich ores for copper …
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By measuring the variation of mineralogical and biological characteristics during the process of chalcopyrite bioleaching, it demonstrated that functional types of microorganisms made more tremendous contributions in mediating chalcopyrite dissolution than microbial diversity. ... Responses of bacterial community to potential heap construction ...
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Heap leaching — particularly heap bioleaching — is a proven technology that economically and efficiently extracts copper from low-grade ore (Petersen, 2016, Watling, 2015). The passivating behavior of chalcopyrite in acidic sulfate media has been investigated and is still debated by many researchers ( Hackl et al., 1995, Dutrizac, 1982 ...
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In the current scenario, heap bioleaching is the most advanced and preferred eco-friendly technology for processing of low grade, uneconomic/difficult-to-enrich ores for copper …
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Covellite, chalcocite and chalcopyrite are generally used as copper ores for bioleaching processes. Apart from containing copper, the ores also contain other elements like iron, zinc and sulphur. For example – Chalcopyrite contains 26% copper, 25.9% iron, 20.5% zinc and 33% sulphur. Mechanism of Copper Leaching:
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This development also opened the route to heap bioleaching of chalcopyrite ores, which is now a major focus of research programmes and piloting campaigns. This paper reviews the historical ...
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Application of chalcopyrite bioleaching in heap/dump leach processes can potentially result in lower cost and reduced environmental impact in copper production.
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In this paper, in order to give some inspirations for industrial heap bioleaching of chalcopyrite, feasibility study is conducted from bacteria, ore characteristics and process …
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Different strategies for heap bioleaching of chalcopyrite are studied by . Panda et al. [ 57 ] provide a review on chalcopyrite leaching with particular emphasis on heap bioleaching. A brief introduction to the modelling of bioleach processes is given by Petersen [ 58 ] and Gebhardt et al. [ 59 ] give an overview of the leach kinetics of ...
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Heap bioleaching results in the oxidative dissolution of sulfide minerals. Industrially this is practiced in two main applications, the dissolution of pyrite and arsenopyrite in refractory gold ...
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An experimental study was conducted to investigate the heap bioleaching of a copper-gold concentrate using the Geocoat™ ... cessful heap bioleaching of low-grade chalcopyrite ores has remained ...
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Since heap bioleaching is not run under aseptic conditions, the native mixed population existing at the mine site takes care of the process. ... In most cases, this is a desired condition; however, in the case of bioleaching of chalcopyrite, it has been found that intermediate values approximately 450 mV (Pt, Ag/AgCl electrode) allow extracting ...
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In the bioleaching field the literature has very few efforts focused on modelling of jarosite formation. However, one such example is an interesting modelling study by Linklater et al. (2005), which discusses a heap bioleaching operation where pyrite is leaching using oxygen as the main oxidant. Linklater et al. (2005) treat jarosite formation ...
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In the chalcopyrite bioleaching experiments, 20 mg L −1 Tween® 20, 10 and 20 mg L −1 Tween® 80, 5 and 10 mg L −1 Plurafac® LF 600 inhibited microbial growth, therefore only permitting abiotic leaching of the copper mineral. The final copper recovery in the presence of these surfactants was lower than abiotic control, potentially ...
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GeoBiotics, LLC has embarked on an extensive program to develop the GEOCOAT® bioleaching system to chalcopyrite ores. This program encompasses mathematical heap modeling, …
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Request PDF | Current scenario of chalcopyrite bioleaching: A review on the recent advances to its heap-leach technology | Chalcopyrite is the primary copper mineral used for production of copper ...
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Chalcopyrite is the primary copper mineral used for production of copper metal. Today, as a result of rapid industrialization, there has been enormous demand to profitably process the low grade chalcopyrite and "dirty" concentrates through bioleaching. In the current scenario, heap bioleaching is th …
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Heap bioleaching of low grade chalcopyrite was carried out at 1000 tons scale. An average of 0.14% per day copper was extracted from the heap bioleaching unit. Frequency of solution transfer and acid concentration affected copper extraction. Less significant parameters are aeration and inoculum addition. Prolonged recirculation of bacterial lixiviant yields to lower …
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Heap bioleaching of chalcopyrite: Current practice. The basic engineering approach (also practiced today) used dumping of large sized boulders or rock of low grade copper ore that was irrigated with dilute sulfuric acid to encourage the growth of acidophilies (mainly the iron oxidizing microbes) (Brierley, 2008, Pradhan et al., 2008; Rawlings ...
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Successful heap bioleaching of low-grade chalcopyrite ores has remained elusive. While the exact mechanism of ferric leaching of chalcopyrite (in both the presence and the absence of microorganisms) is still under much debate [5], [6], [7], a clear explanation why certain microorganisms appear more successful than others in this process has ...
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industrialized, but heap bioleaching of chalcopyrite is still in the research stage [3]. This is mainly because that chalcopyrite has a lattice energy of 17,500 kJ mol-1, which is five times higher than that of secondary copper sulfide ores, such as chalcocite, covellite, thus the oxidative
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In the current scenario, 14 heap bioleaching is the most advanced and preferred eco-friendly technology for processing of 15 low grade, uneconomic/difficult-to-enrich ores for copper extraction. This paper reviews the 16 current status of …
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The application of heap leaching to treat chalcopyrite ore can potentially result in reduced cost and attractive environmental benefits in copper production (Pradhan et al., 2008, Robertson et al., 2012).However, heap leaching of chalcopyrite ore has not been successfully practiced on a commercial scale, mainly due to its slow rate of dissolution caused by …
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Heap bioleaching of the primary sulfide i.e. chalcopyrite is yet to be 2 commercialized and it is currently studied at a pilot or demonstration scale (Panda et al., 3 2012a, b). In an extensive review, Pradhan et al. (2008) have …
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Chalcopyrite is the most abundant copper mineral and its bioleaching has been the subject of several studies due to its refractory nature when submitted to hydrometallurgical processes. Moreover, the growing worldwide demand for copper requires the processing of low-grade ores or mining tailings for which hydrometallurgical processes are a cost-effective …
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15 rowsHeap bioleaching of low grade chalcopyrite (CuFeS 2) was carried out in 1000 tons scale over a time period of 383 days. Bacterial solution was prepared and …
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In the current scenario, heap bioleaching is the most advanced and preferred eco-friendly technology for processing of low grade, uneconomic/difficult-to-enrich ores for copper …
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Application of chalcopyrite bioleaching in heap/dump leach processes can potentially result in lower cost and reduced environmental impact in copper production. View. Show abstract.
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On the commercial front, heap bioleaching of nickel has been commissioned, and the mineral biooxidation pretreatment of sulfidic-refractory gold concentrates is increasingly used on a global scale to enhance precious metal recovery. ... Mishra BK (2008) Heap bioleaching of chalcopyrite: a review. Min Eng 21:355–365. Article CAS Google Scholar ...
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Chalcopyrite is the main mineral source of copper ore for extracting and producing copper. However, with the continuous mining of copper ore, the grade of chalcopyrite decreases year by year and its composition becomes more and more complex. The traditional pyrometallurgical extraction process has been unable to make efficient use of such resources, and it is …
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The industrial applications of the bioleaching on chalcopyrite and pyrite are totally based on the understanding of the interaction mechanism between microbes and minerals, the optimization of ore leaching conditions and the development of new material and the leaching equipment. ... especially applied to heap bioleaching, is paid more ...
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Petersen J, Dixon DG (2005) Competitive bioleaching of pyrite and chalcopyrite. In: Harrison STL, Rawlings DE, Petersen J (eds) Proceedings of the 16th international biohydrometallurgy symposium (IBS 2005), Cape Town, pp 55–64. Google Scholar Petersen J, Dixon DG (2006) Modelling and optimisation of zinc heap bioleaching.
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However, heap leaching technology has yet to be demonstrated on a large scale for the bioleaching of chalcopyrite ore. In heap and dump leaching of run-of-mine chalcopyrite ores, relatively rapid leaching rates decrease as a function of time and overall copper recoveries seldom exceed 50%. Nevertheless, there are processing and economic reasons ...
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