Some of the best heritage sites from Otago's gold mining past can be found along the trails. Here are eleven of the best places to explore. ... Otago's alluvial gold comes from its mountains formed from schist rock. Over the course of multiple the ice ages, vast glaciers crushed and spread the schist through the valleys. Since then, the ...
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The regional geology is dominated by the Otago Schist belt, a high-grade metamorphic schist, which has a long history of both hard rock and alluvial gold mining. The Otago Schist is divided into structural blocks or zones of increasing metamorphic grade known as; Sub-Greenschist Facies, Lower Greenschist Facies, Upper Greenschist Facies and ...
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The study is based on observations made from thousands of PGM particles collected from six sample localities, three of which were collected as part of alluvial gold mining operations and represent concentrations from 10-1000 m3 of sediment. Pt-Fe alloy is the most common PGM recovered at all sample localities.
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Hawkeswood Mining Limited consent application RM23819 to construct a bore (mine pit pond), to take and use groundwater for the purpose of mine pit pond dewatering (retrospective and proposed), to discharge water containing sediment to water in a bore and to land in a manner that may enter water, to discharge water containing sediment to land for the purpose of trialling pit …
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Otago's alluvial gold comes from its schist mountains. During the ice ages, huge glaciers crushed and spread the schist through the valleys. Since then, the mighty Clutha Mata-au has acted like a huge sluice, leaving behind fine particles of …
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Gold occurs in two distinct geological settings in Otago: within quartz veins in the schist (hard-rock gold), and as detrital gold grains in gravels (alluvial gold)
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Ross Barnett, author of Uncertain Enterprises, will discuss factors that contributed to the success and failure of early gold mining operations in Otago. These include alluvial, …
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The method was also extensively used during the Central Otago Gold Rush in the South Island of New Zealand. Starting in the 1870s, hydraulic mining became integral to alluvial tin mining on the Malay Peninsula, and it was historically employed for phosphate rock mining in …
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Alluvial mining is technically simpler than hard-rock mining, so alluvial mining dominated Otago's gold mining history. Alluvial gold occurs as loose particles in the gravel, and is therefore easy to separate because of the high density of …
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The Central Otago Schist Belt is renowned for the famous Otago gold rush that began in the 1860s, when alluvial gold was discovered in 'extremely rich' Gabriel's Gully, an area located less than 15km to the east of OPQ gold exploration project. Hard rock gold mining followed but stopped in the early 1900s.
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Modern mining is at a much larger scale and can therefore work ground economically at very low grades. The early miners worked on a small scale as individuals or small groups on small alluvial claims in active rivers.
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As good as gold; Where you find it; Otago; West Coast; Coromandel Peninsula; Other goldfields; Methods of mining; Dredging; Miners; Māori and Chinese miners; Recent mining; Gold and the economy. In the 19th century discovering …
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All the Otago Trails have stories to be told, but none are more dramatic and influential than the Otago Gold Rush of the 1860s. Some of the best heritage sites from Otago's gold mining past can be found along the trails. Here are eleven …
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A lot of this gold was alluvial, which had a huge environmental impact. Alluvial gold is often found through panning with water or using chemicals to separate gold from sediment. Potentially contaminated tailings are dumped …
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Otago - 1861 alluvial gold in the Waitahuna and Tuapeka rivers see Te Ara : Story: Gold and gold mining - 3. Otago Arrowtown Chinese Settlement, 1880 Bannockburn Historic Reserve, 1862 Bendigo Historic Reserve, 1880 Dunstan (area around Cromwell; Clutha, Kawarau and …
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The Bonanza mine, East Otago is a disused gold mine that operated during the later part of the 19th century. It is a hard rock quartz mine situated about lOkm southeast of Dunback. In the steep schist basement in the area, there are deeply incised valleys. ... To find whether grains of alluvial gold sampled from a 12km length of river change in ...
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All over Central Otago, towns formed first with tents and buildings made of canvas, before taking a more permanent shape. A lot of the settlements in the region date from this period. By the end of 1863 the gold rush was over, but companies and individuals continued to mine gold until the early 20th Century.
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The Bannockburn Sluicings Historic Reserve is located near the small settlement of Bannockburn on the southern side of the Kawarau Arm of Lake Dunstan (previously the Kawarau River) about six kilometres south- west of Cromwell, …
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Gold occurs in thin veins of white quartz near the crest of the Southern Alps. It is transported in rivers and deposited near the sea. The action of the sea concentrates the gold in beach sands.
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The Arrow River was rich in alluvial gold, gold that had been eroded from quartz veins in the surrounding mountains and deposited in the riverbed. This type of mining, known as placer …
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The frenzy of gold mining activity in Otago meant many settlements rapidly sprang up out of nowhere, some of which became the towns and cities we know today. One of these was Dunedin which grew to become NZ's largest city at the time, and another was Queenstown. ... Mining for alluvial gold included 3 possible approaches, the process of ...
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Once the easy alluvial gold had been won, mining became mechanised and sluicing claims began. Working deeper alluvial leads required cooperation, the amalgamation of claims, and …
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Gold eroded from veins has been concentrated in sediments in valleys, basins and coastal plains as alluvial gold deposits in all gold bearing areas of New Zealand. These are often associated with high levels of mercury.
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Too large for individual prospectors but too small for big mining companies, Otago Gold targets these niche opportunities with cost-effective, small-scale operations. ... Located between Queenstown and Cromwell, the Nevis Project taps into rich alluvial gold deposits and old riverbeds missed in earlier gold rushes. Estimated Reserve: $5M NZD ...
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New Zealand's total gold output in 2003 was worth over $200 million and is expected to increase. Profitable grams per tonne. Gold-mining economics relies on the price of gold – if the price rises sharply even low-grade deposits (if they are large enough) become economic to mine. If it drops then only the richer areas of the mine will be ...
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Central Otago – a proud gold mining history. The region has a strong gold mining history, with several rushes in the 1850s leading up to the famous Otago rush of 1861 which saw thousands or prospectors flock to the region in search of riches. ... New Zealand's largest alluvial gold deposit, Gabriels Gully, is located approximately 3km to ...
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The early records of hydraulic elevator and bucket ladder dredging in the Clutha River system indicate the success of that era of alluvial gold mining in Otago. This paper …
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Hawkeswood Mining's original application drew more than 600 submissions, with only nine against, Andrew Hawkeswood says. That's a curiously large number considering Millers Flat is home to about 100 people. Hawkeswood Mining has already transformed its proposed Central Otago mine site, between February 2021 (top image) and March 2023.
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of gold exploration and mining. The Otago Schist historically produced over 8 Moz (>240 tonnes) of alluvial gold and 330,000 oz (10 tonnes) of gold from hard rock sources (Williams, 1974 ...
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Figure 1. Location maps for the Waikaia placer mine and regional context for alluvial gold. A, The Otago Schist goldfield in the South Island of New Zealand.B, Hillshade topographic image of Central Otago and Eastern Southland goldfields, with locations of principal Cenozoic gold paleoplacers that have formed sources for gold in younger deposits during uplift and …
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In Otago there are two types of gold deposit: Hard-rock deposits, which are hosted in Otago Schist basement rocks and were formed by geological processes deep within the Earth's crust; and alluvial deposits, gold eroded from hard-rock sources, transported, recycled, and concentrated as gold grains and nuggets in surficial sediments by physical ...
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The Central Otago goldfield occurs mainly in the catchment of the Clutha River (Figs 1A 1C), and the active river bed of the Clutha River itself has been an important locus of alluvial gold mining (Williams 1974). In addition, alluvial gold occurs in palaeoplacers in Miocene fluvial sediments; post-Miocene uplift and erosion of these ...
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Macraes Operations is a New Zealand's largest active gold producing mine, consisting of a large-scale surface mine, an underground mine, and an adjacent process plant, located in the Otago region of the South Island,
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The gold price was likely to attract new players inexperienced in running alluvial mining sites, he said. The council's latest compliance report shows five goldminers were pinged with enforcement action — usually an infringement …
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Geological setting. The Central Otago goldfield occurs mainly in the catchment of the Clutha River (Figs 1 A– 1 C), and the active river bed of the Clutha River itself has been an important locus of alluvial gold mining (Williams Citation 1974).In addition, alluvial gold occurs in palaeoplacers in Miocene fluvial sediments; post-Miocene uplift and erosion of these …
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An Australian mining company has told its investors a gold discovery in Central Otago, near Bendigo, may be the largest gold discovery in New Zealand in 40 years. Santana Minerals, which is listed ...
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These include alluvial, hard-rock mining and dredging and highlight some of the challenges faced by mining entrepreneurs in the development of Otago's mineral resources. The gold dredging industry was complex, requiring a combination of capital, engineering skills, geological knowledge, and unwavering vision to develop, construct, and operate ...
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