Phosphate rock (PR) is an important mineral resource with numerous uses and applications in agriculture and the environment. PR is used in the manufacture of detergents, animal feed, and phosphate (PO43–) fertilizers. Leaching or runoff losses from PR products like PO43– fertilizers, animal feeds, and detergents could cause eutrophication of surface waters …
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activation were compared in terms of solubility and the process economy. The results showed that the mechanical activation is economically preferable. ... World phosphate rock production capacity in 2006 is estimated at about 168 Mt. North America remains the world leader with 50 Mt, or nearly 33% of the world total. ...
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The activation of dolomite phosphate rock with selected organic molecules resulted in a substantial increase in water-soluble P and the P amendment continuously supplied P to meet the growth requirements of maize (Zea mays) and millet (Pennisetum glaucum) . In this study, activated phosphate rock fabricated by humic acid showed a higher ...
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LEACHING OF RARE EARTH ELEMENTS FROM PHOSPHATE ROCK 53 Fig. 1 : XRD pattern of Abu Tartur phosphate rock (Roshdy et al.,2023) Constituent, wt. % P 2O 5 30.1 SO 3 1.50 CaO 44.4 MgO 0.90 Fe 2O 3 3.8 Al 2O 3 0.46 F 2.8 Na 2O 0.28 SiO 2 2.3 L.O.I. * 5.1 Constituent, mg/kg REEs 1810 Table 1 : Chemical characterization of Abu Tartur phosphate rock
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The upsurge of phosphorus (P) demands in agriculture and the diminishing high-grade reservoirs of P are a serious challenge in the fertilizer industry. Currently, researchers in the fertilizer industry are exploring the potential of medium-low-grade phosphate rock (PR) resources. This study aims to elucidate the possible activation mechanism of P from a mixture of lignite …
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According to the activation mechanisms, phosphate rock approaches can be classified into two main categories: mechanical activation and chemical activation [24], [25]. …
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Phosphate rock (PR) was activated via acidulation with HCl, EDTA, and oxalic acid to enhance its reactivity. The release, lateral transport, and uptake of phosphorus (P) along with trace metals from pristine and activated PRs were investigated in a soil micro-block system over a period of 27 days, using wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) plants.
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An initial systematic study of the effect of the particle size of Itafós phosphate rock (IPR), a low reactivity phosphate mineral (P2O5, 20%), on the biological solubilization of …
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As high-grade phosphate reserves begin to diminish worldwide, low-grade phosphate rock such as that containing dolomite [CaMg (CO)] needs to be explored as a potential fertilizer. …
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Activation of dolomite phosphate rock with humic acid substantially increased P availability by chelating Ca ²⁺ and Mg ²⁺ . However, the release potential of heavy metals during the ...
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Phosphate rock (PR) was activated via acidulation with HCl, EDTA, and oxalic acid to enhance its reactivity. The release, lateral transport, …
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The document summarizes research on mechanically activating phosphate rock to improve its solubility and availability as a fertilizer. Key findings include: 1) Mechanical activation of phosphate rock using a rotary-chamber vibrating mill was found to induce lattice defects and disorder in the crystal structure, improving the rock's solubility in citric acid solutions over milling times up to ...
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After activation, the activated phosphate rock (APR) exhibited loose structure, low crystallinity, smaller particle size, and porous structure, which increased its SSA. It has been reported that the increase in the SSA of PR owes to surface precipitation and erosion by organic acid during the activation process (Tran et al. 2015).
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Section snippets Apparent activation energy. Magnesium removal from phosphate rock by nitric acid is a multiphase liquid–solid reaction process, which can be shown as (Jin et al., 2011): A l + B (S) → C (l) + D (g) According to the liquid -solid reaction core shrinking model, the control steps of the reaction process can be divided into three categories: liquid film diffusion …
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The apparent activation energy of the dissolution of REEs from phosphate rock using the phosphoric acid solution was -19.6 kJ/mol. D2EHPA was subsequently applied as an organic solvent for REEs separation from the acquired leach liquor. REEs stripping and precipitation were conducted, and finally, rare earth oxides with a purity of 88.4% were ...
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The Role of Phosphate-Solubilizing Microbial Interactions in Phosphorus Activation and Utilization in Plant–Soil Systems: A Review September 2024 Plants 13(19):2686
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Phosphorus (P) is an essential nutrient for the plant life cycle. The agricultural management of phosphorus is complicated by the inefficient use of phosphorus by plants, consequent environmental losses, and the rapid consumption of slowly renewed phosphate rock (PR). These issues represent a huge environmental burden and jeopardise food production. In …
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The objective of this study was to assess the leaching potential of P and trace metals from newly developed activated dolomite phosphate rock (HA-DPR and SLS-DPR), as compared to water-soluble fertilizers, including superphosphate (SP), diammonium phosphate …
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Phosphate rock denotes the product obtained from the mining and subsequent metallurgical processing of P-bearing ores. In addition to the main phosphate-bearing mineral, PR deposits also contain accessory or gangue minerals and impurities. Although considerable amounts of accessory minerals and impurities are removed during beneficiation, the ...
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Phosphorus (P) build-up in agricultural soils as a consequence of excessive P fertilizer application necessitates the exploration of soil P pool for crop supply. We conducted a soil incubation experiment, pot experiments, and field experiments to study the effects of different P activators (Pas) (humic acid, lignosulfonate sodium, and biochemical humic acid) on soil …
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Conventional rigid impellers are frequently used in the leaching process of phosphate rock, which often form a symmetrical flow field in the reactor, leading to a reduction in the leaching efficiency. In this work, a rigid-flexible combined impeller was applied to the leaching process of phosphate rock to increase the leaching efficiency. The effects of the reaction temperature (T), sulfuric ...
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The impact of phosphate ions has been reported to be either positive, negative, or negligible in different PS systems. For instance, Lou et al. (2014) prepared a phosphate buffer solution (PBS) with coexistence of H 2 PO 4 − and HPO 4 2− at pH = 7.0. The degradation rate constant (k obs) of Acid Orange 7 (AO7) increased from 1.22 × 10 −4 to 3.95 × 10 −3 s −1 as …
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The apparent activation energy of the dissolution of REEs from phosphate rock using the phosphoric acid solution was -19.6 kJ/mol. D2EHPA was subsequently applied as an organic solvent for REEs ...
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Mechanochemical treatment is an effective and ecological way to treat medium and low-grade phosphate rock (PR) for fertilizer. To explore the phosphorus (P) solubility mechanisms of mechanochemically activated phosphate rock (MAPR) and its P supply capacity, we investigated the chemical properties and infrared spectroscopy (IR) characteristics of …
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As high‑grade phosphate reserves begin to diminish worldwide, low‑grade phosphate rock such as that containing dolomite [CaMg(CO3)2] needs to be explored as a potential fertilizer. Activation of dolomite phosphate rock with humic acid substantially increased P availability by chelating Ca2+ and Mg2+. However, the release potential of heavy metals during the activation process …
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The low activation energy supported the findings that the phosphate ore leaching rate is controlled by the diffusion of reactants and leaching products through a porous ore.
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Properties of phosphate rock vary widely with sources. High-grade of PR contains 25–37% of P 2 O 5 (Gupta et al., 2014). Phosphate rock that contains less P 2 O 5 may not be adequate or profitable for commercial production of phosphoric acid (Fukuda et al., 2013, Mihajlovic et al., 2014, Rosolem and Almeida, 2014). Efficient use of the medium ...
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The on-line analysis of phosphate rock slurry for incorporating such process control is therefore required. NMR and colorimetry methods have been evaluated for on-line analysis of phosphate rock slurries. These techniques yield information about P 2 O 5 ... Prompt neutron activation technique on the other hand, does not require sampling and is ...
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The direct application of phosphate rock seems to offer a better alternative in terms of low cost, least energy-intensive and sophistication of processing of the phosphate ore to produce soluble ...
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The phosphate industry in Central Florida produces significant amounts of dolomite phosphate rock (DPR) in the mining sites. If the DPR materials can be converted into slow release phosphorous (P) fertilizers and/or soil amendments, it can generate additional profits to the phosphate industry and further, provide agricultural and environmental benefits.
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We studied release potential of heavy metal from activation of dolomite phosphate rock. Mineral type, particle size, agent dosage, and …
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Ultrafine grinding activations of phosphate rock and their dynamic phosphorus releasing rates were investigated by using the vibration mill wet grinding processing method in which the …
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Phosphate rock (PR) was activated via acidulation with HCl, EDTA, and oxalic acid to enhance its reactivity. The release, lateral transport, and uptake of phosphorus (P) along with trace metals...
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This study reports the improvement in the activation property of PR powder with different lignite ratios (1%, 2%, 3%, and 5%), particularly the relationship between particle-size distribution, specific surface area, granule morphology, and the citric acid-soluble P. ... the increase in effective P ratio directly from raw phosphate rock (PR ...
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